Unit Four:
Bonding
- Knows
the structure and properties of matter
- Recognizes
how the electron configuration of atoms governs the chemical properties
of an element as atoms interact with one another by transferring or
sharing valence electrons (SC.5.9-12.1)
- Ionic,
covalent and metallic bonding and the octet rule
- Naming
ionic, covalent, and metallic substances
- The
meaning of Polarity/Dipole, Electronegativity
- The
difference between polar and nonpolar compounds
- Atoms
may be bonded together into molecules or crystalline solids, and
compounds are formed from chemical bonds between two or more different
kinds of atoms. (SC.5.9-12.4)
- Naming
ionic, covalent, and metallic substances
- Using
electron dot formulas to represent bonding for small molecules
- Writing
chemical formulas for ionic and covalent compounds
- Interpreting
the number of atoms of each constituent in hydrated formulas
- Representing
and interpreting bonding using condensed structural formulas, skeletal
structural formulas, and naked structural formulas
- Distinguishing
between empirical formulas and molecular formulas.
- Interpreting
% composition information from a chemical formula
- Interpreting
the empirical formula from % composition information or lab data
- The
physical properties of a compound are determined by its molecular
structure and the interactions among these molecules (SC.5.9-12.5)
- Properties
of ionic, covalent, and metallic substances
- Identifying
isomers of alkanes
- Determining
the shape of small molecules (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
Theory)
- The
electrical nature of small and large molecules
- (The
chemical properties….) Knows that a large number of important
reactions involve the transfer of either electrons (oxidation/reduction
reactions) or hydrogen ions (acid/base reactions) between reacting ions,
molecules or atoms (SC.5.9-12.11)
- Knows
the variety of structures that may be formed from the bonding of carbon
atoms and their roles in chemical reactions. (SC.5.9-12.15)
- Recognizing
functional groups (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons,
cyclical hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters,
carboxylic acids, ethers)
- Understands
the principles of force and motion
- Know
that electromagnetic forces exist within and between atoms (SC.
7.9-12.7)
- Know
that materials that contain equal proportions of positive and negative
charges are electrically neutral, but a very small excess or deficit of
negative charges in a material produces noticeable electric forces.
(SC.7.9-12.12)
Ongoing themes
- Understands
the nature of scientific knowledge
- Knows
ways in which science distinguishes itself from other ways of knowing
and from other bodies of knowledge (SC.8.9-12.9)
- Knows
that investigations and public communications among scientists must meet
certain criteria in or to result in new knowledge and methods.
(SC.8.9-12.7)
- Use
% error in describing experimental data
- Understands
the nature of scientific inquiry
- Use
technology (hand tools, measuring instruments, calculators, computers)
and mathematics to perform and communicate scientific investigations
(SC. 9.9-12.7)
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